The composition of the atmosphere, vertical divisions of the atmosphere, heat exchange processing in the atmosphere, air temperature, atmospheric pressure, water cycle in the atmosphere, the surface wind. Clouds classification, hydrometers, the vertical stability of the atmosphere, clouds formation and dispersal, precipitation processes, visibility, the nature of meteorological observation, general aspects of surface instrumental observations, surface instruments of temperature, pressure, humidity, surface wind. Precipitation, sea surface temperature, local and severe winds, air masses and fronts, types of pressure systems.